Explain like I only speak in plain English

A variable is a temporary storage unit in a program. You can think of it as a box. You can use this box to hold an item. We can retrieve the item stored, or swap it with another item any time we want.

We usually give names to variables. When we need to retrieve the item stored in a variable, we just call out the name of the variable. Variables are used very often to hold on to data temporarily in programs.

Explain like I'm a total nerd

In actual working, variables don't really keep values in it. Instead, variables store a reference link to the location of the values in memory. This gives rise to the occasion where multiple variables can reference the same value.

In most programming languages, the `=` assign operator is used to assign values to variables. We can use the `=` assign operator to change the value reference by a variable anytime we like.

In some programming languages, variables also have to be associated with a particular value type. Once this has been set, a variable can only reference values of that particular type. Such as either numbers, or strings.

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Explain like I already know it

The most difficult aspect about using variables is naming. Names need to reflect the meaning of the information the variables hold and must be easy to understand by peers.

Programming

Programming is creating instructions for the computer to perform specific tasks. A person who writes programs is called a programmer. There are many different programming languages a programmer can write programs in.

Conditional

A conditional represents a choice in a program, it dictates what happens next. Such as, if today is a Monday, then make a reservation for dinner with the family, otherwise, eat dinner alone with TV.

Function

A function can be thought of as a machine that performs a specific task. Such as make sandwich. Every time you want a sandwich to be made, you just have to turn on the machine. Or execute the function, as programmers would say.

Loop

Loop is a program that repeats a set of instructions until it is asked to stop. As an example, we can write a loop program to print out "Hello" 3 times. Loop is a fundamental concept in programming.

Foo Bar Baz

Foo, Bar, and Baz are used as placeholders when giving examples in programming. It's like placeholder names that refer to objects or people when telling a story. Such as widget or "John Doe". The actual names are irrelevant and do not affect the message being conveyed.